Numerical Evaluation of the Polyethylene Pipe and Sandy Soil Interaction Subjected to Strike-Slip Faulting

Document Type : Structural Earthquake Engineering

Authors

Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University

Abstract

Pipe-Soil interaction is one of the fundamental challenges to analyzing and designing of buried pipelines. Even though the accuracy of ASCE relations for calculating pipe-soil interaction is proper in certain cases, several researches have demonstrated the inaccuracy of these relations for cases such as fault movement. This research evaluates the interaction between sandy soil and polyethylene pipe subjected to strike-slip faulting on the basis of a non-linear finite element numerical model. Once the results of the numerical model were verified using the previously conducted experiments, several numerical analyses were carried out for pipes with different diameters, thicknesses and burial depths. The results suggest that the pipe thickness and the fault-pipe angle considerably affect pipe-soil interaction, which is not allowed for in ASCE relations. Finally, according to the obtained results, the ASCE relation for the transverse-horizontal interaction between sandy soil and polyethylene pipe subjected to strike-slip faulting was modified.

Keywords


  1. O'Rourke, M.J. and Liu, X. (1999) Response of Buried Pipelines Subjected to Earthquake Effect. Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER), University at Buffalo.
  2. Shih, B.J. and Chang, C.H. (2006) Damage survey of water supply system and fragility curve of PVC water pipelines in the Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake. Natural Hazards, 37, 71-85.
  3. Newmark N.M. and Hall W.I. (1975) Pipeline design to resist large fault displacement. Proceeding of the U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Oakland, 416-425.
  4. Kennedy, R.P., Williamson, R.A., and Chow, A.W. (1977) Fault movement effect on buried oil
  5. pipeline. Transport Eng. J., ASCE, 617-633.
  6. Wang, L.R.L. and Yeh, Y. (1985) A refined seismic analysis and design of buried pipeline for fault movement. Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 13, 75-96.
  7. Chio, Y.J., Chi, S.Y., and Chang, H.Y. (1994) A study on buried response to fault movement. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, ASME, 116.
  8. Takada, S., Hassani, N., and Fukuda, K. (2001) A new proposal for simplified design of buried steel pipes crossing active faults. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 30, 1243-1257.
  9. Liu, A.W., Hu, Y.X., Zhao, F.X., Li, X.J., Takada, S., and Zhao, L. (2004) An equivalent boundary method for the shell analysis of buried pipelines under fault movement. ACTA Seismologica Sinica, 17, 150-156.
  10. Anderson, C., Wijewickreme, D., Ventura, C., Mitchell, A. (2005) Full-scale laboratory testing of soil-pipe interaction in branched polyethylene pipelines. Experimental Techniques, 29(2), 33-37.
  11. Vazouras, P., Karamanos, S.A., and Dakoulas, P. (2010) Finite element analysis of buried steel pipelines under strike-slip fault displacements. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 30(11), 1361-1376.
  12. Hosseini, M., Jalili, S., Azizpour Miandoab, O., and Alikhani, M. (2010) Evaluating the functionality of water distribution networks in the aftermath of big earthquakes based on nonlinear modelling of pipes connections. Proceedings of the ASCE Pipeline Conference, Colorado, USA.
  13. Hosseini, M. and Tahamouli Roudsari, M. (2010) A study on the effect of surface transverse waves on buried steel pipelines considering the nonlinear behavior of soil and pipes. Proceedings of the ASCE Pipeline Conference, Colorado, USA.
  14. Hosseini, M. and Tahamouli Roudsari, M. (2014) Minimum effective length and modified criteria for damage evaluation of continuous buried straight steel pipelines subjected to seismic waves. Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice, 04014018.
  15. Deep Kumar, Kh., Han, J., Corey, R., Parsons, R.L., and Brennanc, J.J. (2015) Laboratory evaluation of installation of a steel-reinforced high-density polyethylene pipe in soil. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 49, 199-207.
  16. American Society of Civil Engineers (1984) Guidelines for the Seismic Design of Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems. Prepared by the Committee on Gas and Liquid Fuel Lifelines of the ASCE Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering, Ch. 7, New York.
  17. Oversen, N.K., and Stromann, H. (1972) Design method for vertical anchor slabs in sand. Proc. Specialty Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures, ASCE, New York, 1481-1500.
  18. Audibert, J.M.E. and Nyman, K.J. (1977) Soil restraint against horizontal motion of pipes. J. Geotech. Eng. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 103(10), 1119-1142.
  19. Trautmann, C.H. and O'Rourke, T.D. (1983) Behavior of Pipe in Dry Sand under Lateral and Uplift Loading. Geotechnical Engineering Report, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., 83-7.
  20. Trautmann, C.H. and O'Rourke, T.D. (1985) Lateral force-displacement response of buried pipe. J. Geotech. Eng., 111(9), 1077-1092.
  21. Calvetti, F., Di Prisco, C., and Nova, R. (2004) Experimental and numerical analysis of soil pipe interaction. J. Geotechnical and Geo Environmental Eng., 130, 1292-1299.
  22. Guo, P.J. and Stolle, D.F.E. (2005) Lateral pipe soil interaction in sand with reference to scale effect. ASCE J. Geotechnical and Geo Environmental Eng., 131(3), 338-349.
  23. Tian, Y. and Cassidy, M. (2008) Modelling of pipe-soil interaction and its application in numerical simulation. Int. J. Geomech., 8(4), 213-229.
  24. Abdoun, T.H., Ha, D., O'Rourke, M.J., Symans, M.D., O'Rourke, T.D., Palmer, M.C., and Stewart, H.E. (2009) Factors influencing the behavior of buried pipelines subjected to earthquake faulting. J. of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 29(3), 415-427.
  25. Tahamouli Roudsari, M., Seif, M.A., and Jamshidi, K.H. (2013) Numerical study of pipe-soil interaction subjected to strike-slip faulting. International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology, American Society of Civil Engineers, Xi'an, China. DOI: 10.1061/9780784413142.072.
  26. Ha, D., Abdoun, T.H., O'Rourke, M.J., Symans, M.D., O'Rourke, T.D., Palmer, M.C., and
  27. Stewart, H.E. (2008) Centrifuge modeling of earthquake effects on buried high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipelines crossing fault zones. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 134(10), 1501-1515.